英语情景对话（零基础 → 熟练日常沟通）
完整学习版 · 43个场景 · 60项语法点 · 逐词注解 · 配套语法 · 练习+答案
学习流程：生词预习 → 阅读对话 → 语法讲解 → 造句练习 → 对照答案 → 角色扮演
场景22：介绍名胜 — Introducing a Place of Interest
生词预习
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| famous | /ˈfeɪməs/ | adj. | 著名的 |
| bridge | /brɪdʒ/ | n. | 桥 |
| tower | /ˈtaʊə(r)/ | n. | 塔 |
| build | /bɪld/ | v. | 建造 |
| built | /bɪlt/ | v. | 建造（过去式/过去分词） |
| design | /dɪˈzaɪn/ | v.&n. | 设计 |
| complete | /kəmˈpliːt/ | v. | 完成 |
| locate | /ləʊˈkeɪt/ | v. | 位于 |
| attract | /əˈtrækt/ | v. | 吸引 |
| visitor | /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ | n. | 游客 |
| century | /ˈsentʃəri/ | n. | 世纪 |
| history | /ˈhɪstri/ | n. | 历史 |
| culture | /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ | n. | 文化 |
| modern | /ˈmɒdn/ | adj. | 现代的 |
| ancient | /ˈeɪnʃənt/ | adj. | 古代的 |
| engineer | /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ | n. | 工程师 |
| relation | /rɪˈleɪʃn/ | n. | 关系 |
对话
A: Have you ever been to the city museum?
你去过市博物馆吗？
ever→adv.曾经 | museum→n.博物馆
B: Yes, I went there last month. It is a famous building with a long history.
去过，我上个月去的。它是一座有着悠久历史的著名建筑。
famous→adj.著名的 | building→n.建筑 | history→n.历史
A: When was it built?
它是什么时候建造的？
built→v.建造（过去分词）
B: It was built in the 19th century by a well-known engineer.
它是在19世纪由一位著名工程师建造的。
century→n.世纪 | engineer→n.工程师
A: What can we see inside?
里面可以看到什么？
B: There are many ancient things which were found in this area. The guide who works there will tell you the stories behind them.
有很多在这片地区发现的古代物品。在那里工作的导游会告诉你它们背后的故事。
ancient→adj.古代的 | guide→n.导游 | story→n.故事
A: That sounds interesting. How many visitors does it attract every year?
听起来很有趣。它每年吸引多少游客？
attract→v.吸引 | visitor→n.游客
B: About two million. It is a place whose culture is loved by people all over the world.
大约两百万。它是一个文化被全世界人民喜爱的地方。
million→num.百万 | culture→n.文化
A: Are there other sights nearby?
附近还有其他景点吗？
B: Yes. A famous bridge is located nearby, and a modern tower was completed last year. Its design has a close relation with the museum.
有的。附近有一座著名的桥，去年还建成了一座现代的塔。它的设计和博物馆有着密切的关系。
bridge→n.桥 | locate→v.位于 | modern→adj.现代的 | tower→n.塔 | complete→v.完成 | design→n.设计 | relation→n.关系
语法讲解
【语法36】被动语态
当动作的承受者是句子主语时，用被动语态。结构：be + 过去分词 (done)
| 时态 | 主动 | 被动 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | People speak English here. | English is spoken here. |
| 一般过去时 | Someone built this bridge in 1900. | This bridge was built in 1900. |
| 一般将来时 | They will complete the tower next year. | The tower will be completed next year. |
| 现在完成时 | Someone has designed a new park. | A new park has been designed. |
by + 动作执行者（可选）：The book was written by Lu Xun.
词汇组句练习
根据中文意思，从词汇表中选择词汇组合成句子：
- 这座塔建于15世纪。
- 英语在全世界被使用。
- 这些画是由一位年轻艺术家画的。
- 信已经写好了。
- 这座博物馆每年被数百万游客参观。
点击查看答案
1. This tower was built in the 15th century. 2. English is used all over the world. 3. These paintings were painted by a young artist. 4. The letter has already been written. 5. This museum is visited by millions of visitors every year.【语法37】定语从句
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，放在被修饰词之后。关系词代替先行词在从句中充当成分。
| 关系词 | 先行词 | 在从句中作用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| who | 人 | 主语/宾语 | The man who teaches us is kind. |
| whom | 人 | 宾语（正式） | The girl whom you met is my sister. |
| which | 物 | 主语/宾语 | The book which I bought is interesting. |
| that | 人/物 | 主语/宾语 | The bridge that we saw was beautiful. |
| whose | 人/物 | 定语（表示所属） | The boy whose father is a doctor is my friend. |
注意：关系词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。The book (which/that) I bought is interesting.
词汇组句练习
根据中文意思，从词汇表中选择词汇组合成句子：
- 这就是教我们英语的老师。
- 我昨天买的书很有趣。
- 你认识那个父亲是医生的男孩吗？
- 1900年建造的那座桥非常著名。
- 我在找我丢的钥匙。
点击查看答案
1. This is the teacher who teaches us English. 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is interesting. 3. Do you know the boy whose father is a doctor? 4. The bridge that was built in 1900 is very famous. 5. I am looking for the key (which/that) I lost.综合练习
词汇组句
根据中文意思，从词汇表中选择词汇组合成句子：
- 这座城市以其悠久的历史而闻名。
- 由一位著名工程师设计的那座桥建于19世纪。
- 每年被这座博物馆吸引的游客来自世界各地。
- 你认识的那个戴眼镜的女孩是我的同学。
- 被翻译成多种语言的那本书在全世界很受欢迎。