英语情景对话（零基础 → 熟练日常沟通）
完整学习版 · 43个场景 · 60项语法点 · 逐词注解 · 配套语法 · 练习+答案
学习流程：生词预习 → 阅读对话 → 语法讲解 → 造句练习 → 对照答案 → 角色扮演
场景31：项目规划 — Project Planning
生词预习
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| deadline | /ˈdedlaɪn/ | n. | 截止日期 |
| project | /ˈprɒdʒekt/ | n. | 项目 |
| schedule | /ˈʃedjuːl/ | n.&v. | 日程；安排 |
| complete | /kəmˈpliːt/ | v. | 完成 |
| milestone | /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ | n. | 里程碑 |
| progress | /ˈprəʊɡres/ | n. | 进展 |
| launch | /lɔːntʃ/ | v.&n. | 发布；启动 |
| overtime | /ˈəʊvətaɪm/ | n.&adv. | 加班 |
| predict | /prɪˈdɪkt/ | v. | 预测 |
| expect | /ɪkˈspekt/ | v. | 预期 |
| graduate | /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ | v. | 毕业 |
| retire | /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ | v. | 退休 |
| by the time | /baɪ ðə taɪm/ | phrase | 到……时候 |
对话
A: Our project deadline is next Friday. Do you think we will have finished the report by then?
我们的项目截止日期是下周五。你觉得到那时我们能完成报告吗？
deadline→n.截止日期 | report→n.报告
B: I think so. If we keep this pace, we will have completed all the milestones by Wednesday. By Thursday, we will have been working on it for three whole weeks.
我想可以。如果我们保持这个速度，到周三就能完成所有里程碑。到周四，我们就已经整整做了三周了。
pace→n.速度 | milestone→n.里程碑
A: Three weeks non-stop? That's intense. Will we need to work overtime?
连续三周不停？强度真大。我们需要加班吗？
non-stop→adj.不停的 | intense→adj.紧张的
B: Maybe a little. But by next month, everything will have been launched, and we will have been resting for a week. It will be worth it.
可能需要加一点。但到下个月，所有内容都会已经发布，我们也会已经休息一周了。这是值得的。
launch→v.发布 | worth→adj.值得的
A: I hope so. By the time I graduate next year, I will have gained so much experience from this project.
希望如此。到我明年毕业时，我会从这个项目里获得很多经验。
graduate→v.毕业 | experience→n.经验
B: Exactly. By the way, have you checked the schedule? If we want to track our progress, we should review it every week.
没错。对了，你看过日程表吗？如果想跟进进展，我们应该每周回顾一次。
schedule→n.日程 | progress→n.进展
A: Good idea. I predict we'll be ahead of plan. I expect that by the time our manager retires next year, we'll have led several big projects.
好主意。我预测我们会领先于计划。我预期等到经理明年退休时，我们将已经主导好几个大项目了。
predict→v.预测 | expect→v.预期 | retire→v.退休
语法讲解
【语法48】将来完成时与将来完成进行时
将来完成时表示到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作；将来完成进行时表示到将来某一时间为止已经持续进行的动作。
| 时态 | 结构 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 将来完成时 | will + have + 过去分词 | 到将来某时已完成 | By next year, I will have graduated. |
| 将来完成进行时 | will + have been + 动词-ing | 到将来某时已持续进行 | By next year, I will have been studying English for five years. |
常见时间标志：by + 将来时间 / by the time / before + 将来时间
- By the time you arrive, I will have prepared dinner.（你到时我已经准备好晚饭了）
- By 10 p.m., she will have been reading for four hours.（到晚上10点，她会已经读了4小时）
区别：将来完成时强调“完成的结果”；将来完成进行时强调“持续的进程”，常带有感情色彩。
造句练习
- 到明年，我就已经在这家公司工作五年了。（用将来完成进行时）
- 到月底，我们会完成这个项目。（用将来完成时）
- By the time he retires, he ___ (work) here for 40 years.
- By next Friday, I ___ (finish) the essay.
- 到会议开始时，他们将已经讨论这个问题两个小时了。
点击查看答案
1. By next year, I will have been working at this company for five years. 2. By the end of this month, we will have completed this project. 3. will have been working 4. will have finished 5. By the time the meeting starts, they will have been discussing this issue for two hours.词汇组句练习
根据中文意思，从词汇表中选择词汇组合成句子：
- 我们的项目截止日期是下周五。
- 我们需要安排日程来完成所有里程碑。
- 我预测我们会提前完成。
- 到我毕业时，我会获得很多经验。
- 我们预计经理明年就退休了。
点击查看答案
1. Our project deadline is next Friday. 2. We need to schedule to complete all the milestones. 3. I predict we'll complete ahead of plan. 4. By the time I graduate, I will have gained so much experience. 5. We expect that the manager will retire next year.综合练习
翻译下列句子
- 到2026年底，这座桥就会建成。
- 到明天这个时候，我会已经飞了十个小时。
- 到她来的时候，我们会已经把房间打扫干净。
- 到下学期开始，我就已经学习日语三年了。
- 到我们退休时，这个世界会发生很大的变化。