英语情景对话(零基础 → 熟练日常沟通)
完整学习版 · 43个场景 · 60项语法点 · 逐词注解 · 配套语法 · 练习+答案
学习流程:生词预习 → 阅读对话 → 语法讲解 → 造句练习 → 对照答案 → 角色扮演
场景38:不确定与让步 — Uncertainty and Concession
生词预习
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| uncertainty | /ʌnˈsɜːtnti/ | n. | 不确定 |
| concession | /kənˈseʃn/ | n. | 让步 |
| whether | /ˈweðə(r)/ | conj. | 是否 |
| whoever | /huːˈevə(r)/ | pron. | 无论谁 |
| whatever | /wɒtˈevə(r)/ | pron. | 无论什么 |
| whenever | /wenˈevə(r)/ | conj. | 无论何时 |
| wherever | /weərˈevə(r)/ | conj. | 无论哪里 |
| doubt | /daʊt/ | n.&v. | 怀疑 |
| hesitate | /ˈhezɪteɪt/ | v. | 犹豫 |
| postpone | /pəˈspəʊn/ | v. | 推迟 |
| concern | /kənˈsɜːn/ | n.&v. | 担忧;关心 |
| outcome | /ˈaʊtkʌm/ | n. | 结果 |
对话
A: I'm not sure whether we should postpone the meeting or not.
我不确定我们是否应该推迟会议。
postpone→v.推迟 | meeting→n.会议
B: It depends on the weather. Whether it rains or shines, we can hold it online.
这取决于天气。无论下雨还是晴天,我们都可以线上举行。
depend on→取决于 | shine→v.晴天照耀
A: True. The problem is whether everyone can join at short notice.
确实。问题是大家是否能临时加入。
at short notice→临时
B: Don't worry. Whoever is available can attend, and whatever they suggest, we'll consider carefully.
别担心。任何有空的人都可以参加,无论他们提什么建议,我们都会认真考虑。
available→adj.有空的 | suggest→v.建议
A: I still doubt whether this plan will work. There are too many unknowns.
我仍然怀疑这个计划是否可行。未知因素太多了。
doubt→v.怀疑 | unknown→n.未知因素
B: I understand your concern. But wherever there's risk, there's opportunity. We can adjust whenever necessary.
我理解你的担忧。但哪里有风险,哪里就有机会。我们可以在必要时随时调整。
concern→n.担忧 | opportunity→n.机会
A: You're right. Let's send the invitation and see whoever shows up.
你说得对。我们发邀请吧,看看谁会来。
invitation→n.邀请 | show up→出现
B: Don't hesitate if you're still worried. There's always some uncertainty in any plan, but as a concession, we can offer online access to those who can't come.
如果你还在担心,别犹豫。任何计划总有些不确定,但作为让步,我们可以给来不了的人提供线上参与。
hesitate→v.犹豫 | uncertainty→n.不确定 | concession→n.让步
A: That's a fair compromise. Whatever the outcome, at least we tried our best.
这是公平的折中。无论结果如何,至少我们尽力了。
compromise→n.折中 | outcome→n.结果
语法讲解
【语法55】名词性从句连接词 whether/if 与 wh-ever 词
whether 和 if 都可引导名词性从句表示“是否”,但 whether 更正式,且可用于介词后、不定式前或与 or not 连用。wh-ever 词(whoever, whatever, whenever 等)表示“无论……”,可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句。
| 连接词 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| whether | 引导主语/宾语/表语从句,可与 or not 连用 | The question is whether he will come (or not). |
| if | 引导宾语从句表示“是否”(口语更常见) | I don't know if she is busy. |
| whether...or... | 无论……还是…… | Whether you like it or not, you must finish it. |
| whoever | 无论谁;任何……的人 | Whoever wants to join is welcome. |
| whatever | 无论什么;任何……的事物 | Do whatever you think is right. |
| whenever | 无论何时 | Come and see me whenever you want. |
| wherever | 无论哪里 | Sit wherever you like. |
| however | 无论如何;然而 | However hard it rains, we'll go. / It's raining. However, we'll go. |
注意: - 介词后只能用 whether,不能用 if:I'm thinking about whether to go.(不说 if to go) - doubt 在肯定句中常用 whether/if;在否定/疑问句中常用 that:I don't doubt that he will come. - wh-ever 词在名词性从句中保留疑问含义;在让步状语从句中常可替换为 "no matter + wh-":Whoever comes = No matter who comes.
造句练习
- 我不知道他是否会来。(whether / he / come)
- 无论谁赢,都会获得奖品。(whoever / win / prize)
- 问题是这封信是否已经寄出。(question / whether / letter / send)
- 无论你做什么,我都会支持你。(whatever / you / do)
- 我们可以在任何你需要的时候见面。(whenever / need)
点击查看答案
1. I don't know whether he will come.2. Whoever wins will get a prize.
3. The question is whether the letter has been sent.
4. Whatever you do, I'll support you.
5. We can meet whenever you need.
词汇组句练习
根据中文意思,从词汇表中选择词汇组合成句子:
- 我不确定我们是否应该推迟会议。
- 无论谁有空都可以参加。
- 我怀疑这个计划是否可行。
- 我们可以在任何你需要的时候见面。
- 无论结果如何,别犹豫。
点击查看答案
1. I'm not sure whether we should postpone the meeting. 2. Whoever is available can attend. 3. I doubt whether this plan will work. 4. We can meet whenever you need. 5. Whatever the outcome, don't hesitate.综合练习
翻译
- 他问我是否能帮个忙。
- 无论发生什么,请保持冷静。
- 问题是这个项目是否值得投资。
- 任何想参加研讨会的人都可以报名。
- 无论你在哪里,都不要忘记自己的梦想。
点击查看答案
1. He asked me whether I could help.2. Whatever happens, please stay calm.
3. The question is whether the project is worth investing in.
4. Whoever wants to attend the seminar can sign up.
5. Wherever you are, don't forget your dreams.